Modern aspects of etiology, pathogenesis, clinical course and treatment of Lyme-arthritis (review, own observations)

Smiyan S.I.¹, Shkilna M.I.², Regalyuk V.V.², Makhovska O.S.², Zadorozhna L.V.², Makhovsky V.P.², Grubar Yu.Yu.²

• ¹I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University
• ²ДВНЗ «Тернопільський державний медичний університет ім. І.Я. Горбачевського МОЗ України», Тернопільська університетська лікарня

Summary. Summary. The article presents modern views on the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of Lyme-arthritis and demonstrates the results of authors’ own observations. The prevalence of Lyme-arthritis is shown to be up to 60%. The affinity for other joint diseases is due to the data of the illuminated studies, which show that Borrelia burgdorferi antigens contribute to the stimulation of the tumor necrosis factor-α synthesis, derived from macrophages, interleukin-1, exhibiting proinflammatory effects on synoviocytes and chondrocytes, which in turn leads to the destruction of cartilage and bone and the chronization of the process in the joints, as well as in other joint diseases. In this work data on the clinical characteristics of articular syndrome are summarized, clinical and diagnostic criteria, as well as methods of treatment are given. The authors, providing their own research, have shown that the difficulty of early diagnosis is that the acute or chronic manifestation of Lyme-arthritis in clinical course can be similar to any inflammatory joint disease, and the absence of the tick bite fact leads to prolongation of the diagnosis process. Thus, to date, there is a need to increase the awareness of rheumatologists about the course and facilities of Lyme-arthritis diagnosis, which will allow the timely diagnosis and the administration of adeq­uate therapy.