FEATURES OF ELECTROLYTE STATUS AND VITAMIN D LEVEL IN WOMEN WITH THREATENED INTERRUPTION OF PREGNANCY, LIVING IN THE LUHANSK REGION

Романенко І.Ю.

Summary. The threatened interruption of pregnancy (TIP) is the most common pregnancy complication that occurs in 15–20% of cases of ongoing pregnancy. The aim of this work was to study the peculiarities of electrolyte status and vitamin D level in pregnant women with TIP in I and II trimesters, living in the Luhansk region, to improve treatment and preventive measures and prevent obstetric and perinatal complications in such women. Material and methods. The study included 24 pregnant women who were hospitalized regarding TIP to the hospitals, located in the Luhansk region (group I). The control group consisted of 25 pregnant women with non-complicated obstetric anamnesis and physiological course of pregnancy with similar gestational period of pregnancy (group II). Clinical and obstetric examination were carried out, the content of vitamin D and the concentration of trace elements Na⁺, K⁺, Cl⁺, Ca²⁺, P, Mg, Zn in the blood serum were determined. Results and discussion. The serum electrolyte levels in patients of the examined groups were within the reference norm. The median concentrations of magnesium and zinc were at the lower limit of normal. In pregnant women of group I, the magnesium concentration was lower in comparison with the indicators of group II: 0.76 (0.73–0.83) and 0.79 (0.78–0.93), respectively (p=0.022). The median zinc concentration was lower in group I but it was not statistically confirmed: 50,25 (49,10–52,60) and 52,40 (51,30–53,95), respectively (p=0.054). The concentrations of sodium, potassium, and chlorine did not differ significantly. In group I the median value of vitamin 25 (OH) D concentration was significantly lower compared with the group II: 26.03 (23.52–28.97) and 28.28 (25.83–29 54) ng/ml, respectively (p=0.042). In all pregnant of group I, the 25 (OH) D concentration was below normal; in group II it was recorded in 21 (84%) women. In the group I a statistically significant positive correlation between the concentration of zinc and ionized calcium (r=0.647; p=0.001), and a negative correlation between the concentration of zinc and magnesium (r=–0.587; p=0.003), phosphorus (r=–0.417; p=0.042), and between the concentration of magnesium and ionized calcium (r=–0.413; p=0.034) were found. Conclusions. Pregnant women with TIP in the I and II trimesters living in the Lugansk region are characte­rized by significantly lower levels of magnesium and vitamin D in serum. A positive correlation between the concentration of zinc and calcium and a negative correlation between the concentration of zinc and magnesium and phosphorus were found. Antenatal study of content of electrolytes and vitamin D in the blood serum of pregnant women with threatened interruption of pregnancy will allow to individualize the approach to the management of pregnancy and if needed to timely develop rehabilitating activities, that will contribute to a successful outcome of the pregnancy and affect the health of the mo­ther and her offspring.