QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS, RELATIONSHIP TO THE COURSE OF THE DISEASE AND THE EXISTING OF ANEMIC SYNDROME

Шевчук С.В., Звягіна О.В.

Summary. Аim: to evaluate the quality of life (QOL) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) with existing anemic syndrome and the influence of disease course, age and sex factors in QOL formation. Object and methods. 118 patients with AS were examined, among whom anemic syndrome was detected in 28.8% of cases. The diagnosis of AS was established according to the New York Modi­fied Criteria of 1984 (Linden S.V.D. et al., 1984). The mean age of the examined patients was within 43.67±0.97 years. The diagnosis of anemia was made in accordance with WHO recommendations with a decrease in hemoglobin concentration of less than 120 g/l. The control group consisted of 26 healthy individuals, representative by age and gender. SF-36 and HAQ questionnaires were used to evaluate QOL. Results. QOL in patients with AS is 52.2% lower compared to the control group. Ana­lysis of the physical (31.06±1.06 points) and mental (53.34±1.31 points) components of health in patients with AS revealed a significant decrease in the physical component itself. Patients with AS with anemic syndrome had significantly lower rates of QOL according to SF-36 and HAQ. Namely, 41.7% higher figures according to HAQ, 25.9% lower SF-36 PSH and 14.9% SF-36 MSH. The SF-36 results are not related to age, disease duration, and form of AS, but are associated with BASDAI and ASDAS inflammatory activity. ACD and ACD with iron deficiency are characterized by lower rates of QOL than patients with IDA. Thus, the group of patients with ACD had the highest average values according to HAQ (1.59±0.16 points), ACD with iron deficiency — intermediate (1.50±0.18 points), patients with IDA the lowest (1.44±0.16 points). Discussion. The analysis of our results and their compa­rison with the results of other scientists (Yılmaz Ö. et al., 2013; Yang X. et al., 2016; Huang J.C. et al., 2017) showed that QOL in patients with AS is lower than in the gene­ral population. The presence of anemic syndrome complicates both the course of the underlying disease and reduces the rates of QOL (Özdemir O., 2011; Huang J.C. et al., 2017; Щербакова Г.И., 2017; 2018). Conclusions. Anemia significantly worsens QOL indices in patients with AS.